Recent Finds Special Edition: Arms of St. Anne's Parish

Coat of arms of St. Anne's Episcopal Parish, Annapolis, MD
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Founded in 1692, St. Anne's Episcopal Church located in Annapolis, Maryland proudly boasts more than 333 years of proclaiming the Gospel in North America and stands tall among the oldest houses of worship in the US.  There's loads of information online regarding St. Anne's history, so let's focus on its heraldry.

I want to especially thank Eric Fredland, the parish historian for St. Anne's Episcopal Church, for his corrections and insights regarding the parish arms.  

One of the more interesting coats of arms that I've discovered online during my search for corporate heraldry shaping the American tradition, are those of St. Anne's Parish.  These arms stand out boldly, much like a peacock.  Certainly not in a bad way, but rather unusual when compared to arms from its brother and sister parishes.  Then again, most of those faith communities have not been around for more than 300 years.  

The designer, a well educated cleric whose published extensively on American colonial Anglicanism, would abstractly combine parish history and its location to create these unique arms for St. Anne's.

St. Anne's banner led by the parish processional cross inside Washington National Cathedral
during an Acolyte Festival
Image Source: Washington National Cathedral Facebook page

The Rev. Canon Arthur Pierce Middleton (1916-2020) sounds like the perfect guest for a dinner party, given his wide range of life experiences.  Take a minute to read Bay Journal's article celebrating Middleton's life.  I wonder if its fair to say Middleton was living history?  One of his ancestors, after all, signed the Declaration of Independence.

Processional cross, St. Anne's Parish
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

According to Hjortsberg (2011), Middleton designed the coat of arms which St. Anne's formally adopted in November 1989.  The arms were created in anticipation of the parish's upcoming 300th anniversary celebration in 1992 (E. Fredland, personal communication, 12 May 2025).  Middleton found inspiration from the church's historical foundation which may explain the quarterings used from the arms of the Sovereign of England in his rendering.  

Furthermore, Hjortsberg (2011) notes that Middleton was well supplied with research assistance by Dr. A. Weems McFadden (1925-2010), a decorated US Naval officer and noted dermatologist.  The final product was a bespoke coat of arms reflecting the identity of St. Anne's, and altogether a highly researched design layered with meaning.  

Processional banner, St. Anne's Parish
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

The parish was founded during the reign of King William III and quarterings #1 and #2 reflect this special history.  Additionally, King William III gave St. Anne's Parish communion silver in 1695 which is still used today (E. Fredland, personal communication, 12 May 2025).  I dare say not a lot of parishes can tout such a royal gift.  Quarterings #3 and #4 are from the Calvert and Crossland arms used to identify Maryland.  

In summary, the quartered escutcheon abstractly identifies the owner as one who was founded during the reign of King William III of England and located in the Baltimore-Maryland region.  The chevron, ermine, and crown likely serve as sufficient differencing marks while reinforcing the parish's royal ties.  Another interesting fact is that Queen Anne provided a bell for the parish's original building (E. Fredland, personal communication, 12 May 2025).  

Shortened blazon for the arms of St. Anne's Parish in Annapolis, Maryland:  Quarterly; 1: France quartering Plantagenet (England); 2: Stuart (Scotland); 3: Calvert; 4: Crossland, overall on a chevron ermine an imperial crown proper.

Other arms found within Maryland illustrating various components of either Calvert or Crossland can be seen below.  

Examples of Episcopal Church arms incorporating elements from Calvert and Crossland
Click to enlarge
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Top Row:  Episcopal Diocese of Maryland

Middle Row (L-R):  Trinity Cathedral, Easton and St. Augustine Parish, Chesapeake City

Bottom Row (L-R):  Emmanuel Church, Baltimore; St. Anne's Parish, Annapolis; Cathedral of the Incarnation, Baltimore

Pierre de Chaignon La Rose (1872-1941) designed the arms of the Diocese of Maryland and the Cathedral of the Incarnation.  Col. Harry D. Temple (1911-2004) produced arms for Trinity Cathedral in the Diocese of Easton and St. Augustine Parish.

Examples of Roman Catholic arms incorporating elements from Crossland
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2024

The Archdiocese of Baltimore and Notre Dame University of Maryland are two Roman Catholic arms using elements of Crossland in their arms--both designed by la Rose.

Abstractly illustrating historical foundation, saintly dedication, and geographical location are critical elements when constructing new corporate arms.  To successfully combine these elements in the simplest and clearest manner possible, I am finding, demands practice and research.

The arms of St. Anne's Parish are a treasured example of sound heraldry in the Episcopal Church.    

Works Cited

Hjortsberg, Carol (ed.) (2011).  St. Anne's Annapolis: History and times, Vol. II.  St. Anne's Parish.

Spokane's Evolving Arms

Arms of the Episcopal Missionary District of Spokane (Washington)
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Earlier this winter, I was fortunate to spend a few brief moments in one of my favorite libraries, DuPont Library, at my alma mater Sewanee: The University of the South.  During my days there as a seminarian, I would bounce from stack to stack pulling books whose titles caught my eye.  With my little pile of gems I would sit on the floor and take them all in.  I probably should have spent that time on homework, but looking back now I'm glad for those moments getting, "lost in wonder, love, and praise." 

The theological section contains virtually every diocesan journal and I had a list of arms that I wanted to get confirmation on while there.  Time was not on my side; however, I did manage to nail down a few.

The Episcopal Diocese of Spokane's coat of arms was one item on my list to research.  While I was aware of two designs that existed--the earlier version and a later revision--I could not track down their dates.   

(L-R): Arms of the Episcopal Missionary District of Spokane
Arms of the Episcopal Diocese of Spokane
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

The illustration above shows the two designs that I referenced.  Both coats of arms were designed by Pierre de Chaignon la Rose (1872-1941).  I was able to date the coat of arms on the left as being adopted in 1921 by then Missionary District of Spokane (Missionary District of Spokane, 1921).

In la Rose's initial design, we see the national colors of red, white, and blue used--albeit Argent contains ermine in a rather unusual way.  Likely, the ermine referenced the City of Spokane's role in the fur trade.  The dancetty lines referenced mountainous terrain in the area while the stars in chief are a differenced version of those found in the historic arms of Washington (Dekay, 1993).

Blazon for the 1921 coat of arms for Missionary District of Spokane:  Ermine, a cross throughout Gules on a chief dancetty Azure three mullets Argent.  

Arms of the Episcopal Diocese of Spokane
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Merely 8 years later, the Missionary District of Spokane adopted a revised version of its coat of arms (Missionary District of Spokane, 1929).  Why?  Dekay (1993) cites that the design of arms from 1921 simply did not garner widespread acceptance causing a new design to become necessary.

In 1929, we see la Rose's revision containing a color combination he rarely used in his designs.  In this design, forests, farming, and the timber industry would dominate as references in the new coat of arms.

Blazon for the 1929 coat of arms for Missionary District of Spokane:  "Vert, three crosses-crosslet Or on a pale Purpure fimbriated Argent between two garbs of the second" (Dekay, 1993, 71).  

Today, the Diocese of Spokane continues to use la Rose's revision of 1929 as its coat of arms.  Let's quickly compare Spokane with its neighbor Olympia.

Arms of the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

During its third convention in 1913, the new Diocese of Olympia adopted a coat of arms designed by la Rose.  Along with his draft, la Rose offered the following rationale.

"It is based upon the voyage of Captain Gray which conserved the Territory of Washington to the United States, just as now the Church will conserve it to the Kingdom of Christ. The sail of the heraldic ship is charged with the arms of George Washington, in honor of whom, of course, the state is named. And to indicate the state rather than the city of Washington, D. C., I have charged the pennant at the masthead with the single star of an American State.  Had it been the city I should have used a 'mural crown' instead of a star.  So much for the sail and pennant. 

"The flag itself is charged with the St. George Cross, which in Ecclesiastical arms is constantly used to symbolize the Anglican Communion. The colors of the whole should naturally fall into a patriotic combination of the American colors. And I think that even without a knowledge of Gray’s voyage and the analogy involved, the whole symbolism of the Diocesan coat will be clear to the least instructed" (Diocese of Olympia, 1913, 20).

La Rose's blazon for the arms of Episcopal Diocese of Olympia:  "Azure, an ancient galley under sail with pennon and flag all Argent; the sail charged with the arms of Washington—two bars and in chief three stars Gules; the Pennon charged with a hurt and thereon a star of the second; the flag charged with a Saint George cross Gules" (Diocese of Olympia, 1913, 21).

The diocese's arms are completely different from Spokane's design.  You'd never guess they were neighbors.

Works Cited

De Kay, E.J. (1993).  Heraldry of the Episcopal Church.  Acorn Press. 

Diocese of Olympia. (1913). Journal of the 3rd annual convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of Olympia.  Diocese of Olympia, 19-22.

Missionary District of Spokane. (1921).  Journal of the 29th annual convocation of the Church in the Missionary District of Spokane.  Missionary District of Spokane.

Missionary District of Spokane. (1929).  Journal of the 37th annual convocation of the Church in the Missionary District of Spokane.  Missionary District of Spokane.

Another Cookbook: The Arms of St. Peter's Parish

Arms of St. Peter's Parish Church New Kent, Virginia
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Mind the cookbooks.  Never underestimate the power of those plastic spiral bindings or Episcopal Church Women (ECW) for that matter. 

Kitchen Keys
Published in 1988 by the Episcopal Church Women
of St. Peter's Parish Church, New Kent, Virginia

I happened upon this heraldic cookbook online as part of my quest to discover, render, and share sound corporate heraldry in the US.  Why?  To illustrate the existence of an American heraldic tradition that is alive and continues well into the 21st century.  My focus is on ecclesiastical heraldry in the Episcopal Church and scholastic coats of arms--think schools, academies, colleges, seminaries, universities, and any US-based academic organization.  I have no desire to attempt to collect and catalogue the entirety of designs within these categories, as I'm more interested in those designs that honor the tradition and rules of heraldry.    

Not long ago, I wrote a small bit about the Episcopal Church cookbook phenomenon when I discovered an impaled coat of arms of a parish gracing one such cover.  Click here to read more about my first heraldic cookbook discovery. To read other articles in the Recent Finds series, click the corresponding label at the end of this post.  

Banners of arms for the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia & St. Peter's Parish Church
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Kitchen Keys plays nicely on the parish dedication of St. Peter's Parish Church in New Kent, Virginia.  The title is brilliant!  Less than an hour from where I write, this historic parish is located in the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia and boasts a well differenced coat of arms.  

Far too often I see parishes adopting the undifferenced-attributed arms of their dedication and using for their own corporate identity.  I blame good intentions and a widespread lack of education within the Episcopal Church on heraldry and parish identity.  To wit, the last publication on church heraldry was Dekay (1993) which is fine but contains errors, gaps without data, and lacks source material.  While Dekay's work is an important contribution towards advancing our knowledge on the subject, it must be treated as a point of departure rather than gospel truth.

Meanwhile, 32 years have passed and little has been added to the literature on heraldry in the Episcopal Church, leaving the faithful bereft and uneducated.

Arms of St. Peter's Parish Church New Kent, Virginia
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

To confirm tinctures for these arms as seen on the cover, I searched the parish's website and Facebook page for any additional evidence.  

There is a banner hanging towards the back of the sanctuary containing the coat of arms--a white field can be confirmed.  Sadly, it does appear that both keys and stars are gold.  Since the photo on the website was taken at a distance, I'm following the recipe from Kitchen Keys and going with red.

Arms and flag of St. Peter's Parish Church, New Kent, Virginia
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

The crossed keys of Saint Peter readily identify themself and the parish dedication.  Established in 1679, St. Peter's Parish experienced the horrors of two wars while surviving to share God's story of love and faithfulness.  The two stars likely commemorate the Revolutionary War and Civil War, the latter causing the most destruction to parish property (Saint Peter's Episcopal Church, n.d.).

By changing tinctures, omitting an upside-down cross, and adding two stars sufficiently differences the parish's arms from those attributed to Saint Peter.  If the two stars commemorate the parish's history through two armed conflicts on American soil, then these arms truly provide bespoke identification for the parish church.  I say to whomever designed the parish arms, job well done.   

Processional banner of arms of St. Peter's Parish Church, New Kent, Virginia
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

I think the arms look rather lovely, and perfectly suited as an armorial flag and processional banner.  I should think all eyes would be on St. Peter's processional banner at the next diocesan convention.

The blazon for the arms of St. Peter's Parish Church, New Kent, Virginia:  Argent, two keys in saltire wards to chief between in chief and in base two stars of five points Gules.

Works Cited

De Kay, E.J. (1993).  Heraldry of the Episcopal Church.  Acorn Press. 

Episcopal Church Women of St. Peter's Parish Church. (1988).  Kitchen keys.  William Byrd Press.

Saint Peter's Episcopal Church. (n.d.).  Our history.  accessed on April 10, 2025.  https://www.stpetersnewkent.org/About_Us_Mission_and_Ministries/History/

Chariots in Ecclesiastical Heraldry

Chariot on Fire!
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

As the Recent Finds series rolls on, I've referenced that I've learned a thing or two while undertaking this assignment.  Its time to share one bit, at least, for now.  

Cue theme music to Chariots of Fire.

One charge that I encountered for the first time in my quest to uncover sound ecclesiastical heraldry in the Episcopal Church was the chariot.  Even from my days as a seminarian I cannot recall bumping into this mode of transport as a Christian symbol.  

Two examples of arms with chariots
(Left) St. Philip's Church Harlem, NYC
(Right) Episcopal Church of the Ascension, Sierra Madre, CA
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Two coats of arms I discovered for parishes using the chariot as a charge were St. Philip's and Ascension.  As I soon learned, using the chariot as a charge to abstractly identify the parish dedication made complete sense.

St. Philip's Church Harlem (Episcopal)

Arms of St. Philip's Church Harlem, New York City
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

The first coat of arms I came across were the arms of St. Philip's Church located in New York City's borough of Harlem.  The parish website credits The Rev. Canon Edward N. West (1909-1990) as the designer of the arms, which he completed sometime in the mid-1960s.

From St. Philip's Church website:

"St. Philip's arms was commissioned in the mid-1960s by Dr. M. Moran Weston to be its identifying symbol. It represents the account of Philip, deacon and evangelist as written in Acts 8:26-40.  The shield was created by Reverend Edward N. West, Canon Sacrsist [sic] of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine.

 "In the upper left-hand corner of the shield is the Cross of St. George, representing the Anglican Communion throughout the world.  Superimposed on the Cross of St. George is a six pointed star with a circle intertwined, symbolic of the Holy Trinity.  The descending dove and halo represent the Holy Spirit that came down to Philip and instructed him to go south on the road from Jerusalem to Gaza and told him to speak to the Ethiopian sitting in the chariot. The paving stones under the chariot symbolize the road traveled together by Philip and the man, who was described as being in charge of all the treasures of Candace, Queen of the Ethiopians. The broad wavy lines at the bottom of the shield represent the body of water in which Philip baptized the Ethiopian" (St. Philip's Church Harlem, nd).

I suppose if West had simply used the chariot sans paving stones we might be left to really guess as to its purpose.  Thankfully, the good Canon did not.  

Thus, we now know that one heraldic symbol for St. Philip is the chariot owing to the account from the Acts of the Apostles 8:26-40.  The other use for a chariot in ecclesiastical heraldry is on fire, literally.

Episcopal Church of the Ascension

Arms of the Episcopal Church of the Ascension, Sierra Madre, CA
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

The Episcopal Church of the Ascension's processional banner prominently displays a chariot on fire against a white background.  Again, this image was new to me and I could not begin to think the reference was for St. Philip.  I needed to dig a little deeper.

Processional Banner, St. Philip's
Church Harlem
Rendered by Chad Krouse, 2025

Knowing that this symbol abstractly represents ascension per se, I immediately thought of the Gospel account of Christ's ascension.  How could a chariot abstractly represent this sacred moment?  Surely no. And then it donned on me.

Old Testament.  The Prophet Elijah.  Chariot ascending.  Bingo!

In the Old Testament account of 2 Kings:11, we read about Elijah being swept up into heaven by a whirlwind on a chariot of fire.  Now, this is beginning to make sense heraldically, anyways.  Likely due to the difficulty in creating an apt symbol for Christ's ascension, leaning on the Old Testament account works perfectly.  I should write how nice it is to see an Old Testament reference in Christian heraldry.

The use of the chariot in ecclesiastical heraldry has at least two separate references--St. Philip the Apostle and Elijah's ascension.  Learning new charges and references continue to be an unexpected (albeit fun) outcome from the Recent Finds series.  Heraldry has always told a story and these two coats of arms help teach the Faith in such a way as only heraldry can do.  

Surely, I'm bound to encounter more.

To read other articles in the Recent Finds series, click the corresponding label at the bottom of the post.

Works Cited

St. Philip's Church Harlem. (n.d.)  Our church symbols.  St. Philip's Church Harlem. https://www.stphilipsharlem.org/our-church-symbols